專四英語作文開頭結(jié)尾語(英語四級作文,經(jīng)典開頭結(jié)尾)
1.英語四級作文,經(jīng)典開頭、結(jié)尾
段首句1. 關(guān)于……人們有不同的觀點。
一些人認為…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗話說（常言道）……，它是我們前輩的經(jīng)歷，但是，即使在今天，它在許多場合仍然適用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 現(xiàn)在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。
首先，……；其次，……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 現(xiàn)在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因為……，另外（而且）……。 Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides,______. 5. 任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。
它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 關(guān)于……人們的觀點各不相同，一些人認為（說）……，在他們看來，…… People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人類正面臨著一個嚴重的問題……，這個問題變得越來越嚴重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當中，將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。 ______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許多好處，但同時也引發(fā)一些嚴重的問題。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根據(jù)圖表/數(shù)字/統(tǒng)計數(shù)字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that______ while. Obviously,______,but why？結(jié)尾句1. 至于我，在某種程度上我同意后面的觀點，我認為…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____. 2. 總而言之，整個社會應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注……這個問題。
只有這樣，我們才能在將來……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future. 3. 但是，……和……都有它們各自的優(yōu)勢（好處）。
例如，……，而……。然而，把這兩者相比較，我更傾向于（喜歡）…… But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______. 4. 就我個人而言，我相信……，因此，我堅信美好的未來正等著我們。
因為…… Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______. 5. 隨著社會的發(fā)展，……。因此，迫切需要……。
如果每個人都愿為社會貢獻自已的一份力量，這個社會將要變得越來越好。 With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better. 6. 至于我（對我來說，就我而言），我認為……更合理。
只有這樣，我們才能…… For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____. 7. 對我來說，我認為有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同樣重要的是…… In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______. 8. 在總體上很難說……是好還是壞，因為它在很大程度上取決于……的形勢。
然而，就我個人而言，我發(fā)現(xiàn)……。 It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______. 9. 綜上所述，我們可以清楚地得出結(jié)論…… From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____. 10. 如果我們不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了這種趨勢，就會出現(xiàn)一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我們應(yīng)該做的是…… If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.。
2.英語四級作文完美萬能開頭結(jié)尾誰有
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that…. 隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是____________。
As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes. 然而，對于此類問題，人們持不同的看法。 Hold different attitudes 持不同的看法（觀點、態(tài)度） Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法。
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to…. 隨著社會的發(fā)展，人們開始關(guān)注………… People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting 求職的過程中，人們慢慢意識到面試的重要性。 As to whether it is worthwhile …..， there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it. 關(guān)于是否值得___________的問題，一直以來爭論不休。
當然，不同的人對此可能持不同的觀點。 In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma. 在都市的發(fā)展中，我們往往會陷入困境。
Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that…. 最近，這種現(xiàn)象引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，有人開始擔心______________。 The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention. 人類進入了一個歷史的嶄新的階段，經(jīng)濟全球化、都市化的速度不斷加快，隨之給我們帶來了很多問題。
…… plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse？” _______顯得非常重要而成為當今世界所關(guān)注的最大的問題，這是無可厚非的。不過，問題是：“我們該如何抉擇？” Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges， 現(xiàn)在我們正在進入一個充滿機會和挑戰(zhàn)的新時代。
3.英語四級作文完美萬能開頭結(jié)尾誰有
你看看下面的，其中就包含了怎么結(jié)尾 四級寫作常見句型 用于句首提出論題或現(xiàn)象的句型 ①Recently ， … become the focus of the society . ②…h(huán)as been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life . ③Nowadays there is a growing concern for … ④Nowadays it is common to hear /see … ⑤…h(huán)as become a common occurrence in our daily life . ⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of … ⑦It is only during the last /past few years that man has become generally aware that … ⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes … ⑨In recent years , there is a general tendency … ⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face . 用于結(jié)尾的常用句型 ①From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that … ②Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that … ③It is high time that something was done about … ④From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that … ⑤Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that … ⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented , I strongly recommend that … ⑦It is clear , therefore , that … ⑧All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to … ⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to … ⑩From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that … ⑾ In conclusion ,the most important is … ⑿ On the whole , it is high time that every one … ⒀ As a result , we should take some effective steps to … ⒁ Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that … ⒂ Only in this way / in so doing , can be really …。
4.英語四級作文的開頭結(jié)尾的經(jīng)典句型
四六級寫作常見句型 （1）用于描寫漫畫、圖表的常用句型 ①As the graph depicts ， … ②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that … ③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ， ④The table shows / indicates / reveals that … ⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that … （2）用于句首提出論題或現(xiàn)象的句型 ①Recently ， …h(huán)as become the focus of the society . ②…h(huán)as been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life . ③Nowadays there is a growing concern for … ④Nowadays it is common to hear /see … ⑤…h(huán)as become a common occurrence in our daily life . ⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of … ⑦It is only during the last /past few years that man has become generally aware that … ⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes … ⑨In recent years , there is a general tendency … ⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face . (3)用于比較、闡述不同觀點的常用句型 ①Some people like / prefer …， while others are / feel inclined to … ②There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … whole hold … ③Some people claim that … is superior to … Others , however , disagree with it . ④Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim … ⑤Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion . ⑥On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel … ⑦Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that … ⑧Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that … ⑨On the contrary , there are people in favor of … ⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about … （4）用于陳述個人觀點/想法的常用句型 ①My own experience tells me that … ②In my opinion , we should attack more importance to … ③As for my own idea about … I believe … ④As far as I am concerned , I plan to … ⑤Personally , I prefer … ⑥In my view , both sides are partly right in that … ⑦But for me , I would rather … ⑧My own point of view is that … ⑨In conclusion , I support the statement that … ⑩As regards me , I tend to choose … （5）用于書信寫作的常用句型 ①Thank you for your letter of … ②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of … to accept … ③Thanks so much for your letter , which arrived … ④I am writing to you with reference to … ⑤I am writing to you in connection with … ⑥I would be grateful if you could / would … ⑦I would like to know some information on … ⑧It will be appreciated if you can / could … ⑨I would also like to know if you can / could … ⑩I look forward to hearing from you . (6)用于結(jié)尾的常用句型 ①From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that … ②Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that … ③It is high time that something was done about … ④From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that … ⑤Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that … ⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented , I strongly recommend that … ⑦It is clear , therefore , that … ⑧All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to … ⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to … ⑩From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that … ⑾ In conclusion ,the most important is … ⑿ On the whole , it is high time that every one … ⒀ As a result , we should take some effective steps to … ⒁ Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that … ⒂ Only in this way / in so doing , can be really … 四六級寫作基本句式 以下是短文寫作中使用率最高、覆蓋面最廣的基本句式，每組句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根據(jù)自己的情況選擇其中的1-2個，做到能夠熟練正確地仿寫或套用。
1.表示原因 1)There are three reasons for this. 2)The reasons for this are as follows. 3)The reason for this is obvious. 4)The reason for this is not far to seek. 5)The reason for this is that。 6)We have good reason to believe that。
例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly, people's living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly, most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life 注：如考生寫第一個句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達失誤。
2.表示好處 1)It has the following advantages. 2)It does us a lot of good. 3)It benefits us quite a lot. 4)It is beneficial to us. 。
5.跪求四級英語作文萬能開頭結(jié)尾
1.There is no consensus of opinions among people as to … some people tend to have a favorable attitude toward…While, others have an unpleasant association with… 2. Recently, the issue of 。
has been brought into public focus.近來，_______的問題引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注。
3. Recently the issue of (whether …or not) has been in the limelight（成為引人注目的中心） and has aroused wide concern in the public.近來，是否_______的問題已經(jīng)非常明確而且引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注。 4. Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is 。
.隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是____________。 5. Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.現(xiàn)在我們進入了一個充滿機遇和創(chuàng)新的嶄新時代，很多人對某些傳統(tǒng)的看法也發(fā)生了很大改變。
6.______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. ______已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當中，將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。
6.求英語四級考試作文經(jīng)典萬能開頭語和結(jié)尾語,急
④Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim … ⑤Some people suggest … Others :Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達失誤. ⑥On the one hand ; consideration I have just outlined /。
如， which arrived … ④I am writing to you with reference to … ⑤I am writing to you in connection with … ⑥I would be grateful if you could /, there are people in favor of … ⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about … （4）用于陳述個人觀點/： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life、圖表的常用句型 ①As the graph depicts ; figures that … （2）用于句首提出論題或現(xiàn)象的句型 ①Recently , people tend to … On the other hand . Secondly，可將其改寫成兩個句子； statistics , it is evident /, I strongly recommend that … ⑦It is clear ; proverb which says /, it is not difficult to draw /: Books are like friends, to … ⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to … ⑩From what has been discussed above ; table / mentioned above , however , can be really … 四六級寫作基本句式 以下是短文寫作中使用率最高， hold the opposite opinion , we should attack more importance to … ③As for my own idea about … I believe … ④As far as I am concerned , believe that … ⑧Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that … ⑨On the contrary , it is high time that every one … ⒀ As a result , more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life 注， I would rather … ⑧My own point of view is that … ⑨In conclusion . Firstly,what really matters is , we may conclude that … ②Therefore ;second graph . Last but not least, it is not difficult to see that … ⒂ Only in this way /, in contrast ; obvious that … ⑤Taking into account all these factors ; goes … ⑨In recent years ;past few years that man has become generally aware that … ⑧There is an old / would … ⑦I would like to know some information on … ⑧It will be appreciated if you can / indicates /， …h(huán)as become the focus of the society ，每組句式的功能相同或相似； feel inclined to … ②There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … whole hold … ③Some people claim that … is superior to … Others ， ④The table shows / consideration above ; prefer …， and they can open our minds and widen our horizons, I prefer … ⑥In my view ; discussed /, that … ⑧All in all , most people are well paid; in so doing ， … ②From the cartoon /, therefore , people's living standard has been greatly improved. ③Nowadays there is a growing concern for … ④Nowadays it is common to hear /, I plan to … ⑤Personally ：如考生寫第一個句子沒有把握， there is a general tendency … ⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face ; clear /, in fact , we should take some effective steps to … ⒁ Judging by the figures /，做到能夠熟練正確地仿寫或套用； presented ; reveals that … ⑤It can be seen /，考生可根據(jù)自己的情況選擇其中的1-2個、覆蓋面最廣的基本句式， both sides are partly right in that … ⑦But for me , reading extensively is of great benefit to us; popular saying / could … ⑩I look forward to hearing from you , we can see that … ③According to the statistics shown in the first /。 2.表示好處 1)It has the following advantages. 2)It does us a lot of good. 3)It benefits us quite a lot. 4)It is beneficial to us. 5)It is of great benefit to us. 例如；see … ⑤…h(huán)as become a common occurrence in our daily life , we may reach the conclusion that … ⑥Given the reasons /picture ; come to the conclusion that … ③It is high time that something was done about … ④From all the reasons /。
1.表示原因 1)There are three reasons for this. 2)The reasons for this are as follows. 3)The reason for this is obvious. 4)The reason for this is not far to seek. 5)The reason for this is that。 6)We have good reason to believe that。
例如， they feel … ⑦Some people argue that … Others , while others are / could … ⑨I would also like to know if you can /. ⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of … ⑦It is only during the last /, I tend to choose … （5）用于書信寫作的常用句型 ①Thank you for your letter of … ②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of … to accept … ③Thanks so much for your letter . Therefore. (3)用于比較，the most important is … ⑿ On the whole , however , disagree with it . They can help us know the world better. ②…h(huán)as been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life ;concluded from the picture /, I support the statement that … ⑩As regards me , and they can afford what they need or like, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that … ⑾ In 。
7.跪求英語高手給幾個四級考試作文的精彩百搭開頭和結(jié)尾句
1、To solve this problem, a combined effort is really very necessary. First, factories should try all means to clean the polluted water and gas before such waste stuff flow into the river or emit into the air. Second, each government should make effective laws to punish various illegal conducts that are potentially harmful to the environment. Last but not the least, anyone of us has good reason to take actions for the restoration of the beauty of our globe.
2、To eradicate this tumor of society, two measures might be involved/have to be taken immediately. For one thing, we should appeal to our government to make rigid laws to punish the briber and the bribed. For another, we ought to enhance their sense of serving people, not mastering people.
3、To improve college entrance examination system, I suggest the following steps.
4、The best way to solve this problem I think is to give young people opportunities to do things independently.
/5、My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life should be encouraged to finance the Project with their deeper love and stronger sense of responsibility for these children. And I am sure that the Project Hope will be meeting with hearty and generous response.
6、There is no immediate solution to the problem of …， but … might be helpful / beneficial.
7、It is, therefore, evident that the task of … requires immediate attention.
8、The general awareness of the necessity and importance of 。 might be the first step to solve this problem.
9、It is urgent/ important/ necessary that appropriate/effective/rapid measures/steps/method should be taken to …
8.英語四級作文,經(jīng)典開頭、結(jié)尾
段首句1. 關(guān)于……人們有不同的觀點。
一些人認為…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗話說（常言道）……，它是我們前輩的經(jīng)歷，但是，即使在今天，它在許多場合仍然適用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 現(xiàn)在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。
首先，……；其次，……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 現(xiàn)在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因為……，另外（而且）……。 Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides,______. 5. 任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。
它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 關(guān)于……人們的觀點各不相同，一些人認為（說）……，在他們看來，…… People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人類正面臨著一個嚴重的問題……，這個問題變得越來越嚴重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當中，將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。 ______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許多好處，但同時也引發(fā)一些嚴重的問題。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根據(jù)圖表/數(shù)字/統(tǒng)計數(shù)字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that______ while. Obviously,______,but why？ 結(jié)尾句1. 至于我，在某種程度上我同意后面的觀點，我認為…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____. 2. 總而言之，整個社會應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注……這個問題。
只有這樣，我們才能在將來……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future. 3. 但是，……和……都有它們各自的優(yōu)勢（好處）。
例如，……，而……。然而，把這兩者相比較，我更傾向于（喜歡）…… But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______. 4. 就我個人而言，我相信……，因此，我堅信美好的未來正等著我們。
因為…… Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______. 5. 隨著社會的發(fā)展，……。因此，迫切需要……。
如果每個人都愿為社會貢獻自已的一份力量，這個社會將要變得越來越好。 With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better. 6. 至于我（對我來說，就我而言），我認為……更合理。
只有這樣，我們才能…… For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____. 7. 對我來說，我認為有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同樣重要的是…… In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______. 8. 在總體上很難說……是好還是壞，因為它在很大程度上取決于……的形勢。
然而，就我個人而言，我發(fā)現(xiàn)……。 It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______. 9. 綜上所述，我們可以清楚地得出結(jié)論…… From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____. 10. 如果我們不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了這種趨勢，就會出現(xiàn)一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我們應(yīng)該做的是…… If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.。
9.大學英語作文萬能結(jié)尾
2010年12月四級作文萬能結(jié)尾句：
1. 至于我，在某種水平上我贊成后面的觀點，我認為……
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
2. 總而言之，全部社會應(yīng)當親密關(guān)注……這個問題。只有這樣，咱們才干在未來……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
3. 然而，……跟……都有它們各自的上風（利益）。例如，……，而……。然而，把這兩者相比擬，我更偏向于（愛好）……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4. 就我個人而言，我信任……，因此，我深信美妙的將來正等著我們。由于……
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
5. 跟著社會的發(fā)展，……。因而，急切須要……。如果每個人都愿為社會奉獻自已的一份力氣，這個社會將要變得越來越好。
With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
6. 至于我（對我來說，就我而言），我認為……更公道。只有這樣，我們能力……
For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____.
7. 對我來說，我以為有必要……。起因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同樣主要的是……
In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.
8. 在總體上很難說……是好仍是壞，因為它在很大程度上取決于……的局勢。然而，就我個人而言，我發(fā)明……。
It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depennds very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______.
9. 綜上所述，我們能夠明白地得出論斷……
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.
10. 假如我們不采用有效的辦法，就可能把持不了這種趨勢，就會呈現(xiàn)一些意想不到的不良成果，所以，我們應(yīng)該做的是……
If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.
