1、National Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship。
2、National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates。
根據(jù)《教育部 財(cái)政部關(guān)于"十二五"期間實(shí)施"高等學(xué)校本科教學(xué)質(zhì)量與教學(xué)改革工程"的意見》(教高〔2011〕6號)和《教育部關(guān)于批準(zhǔn)實(shí)施"十二五"期間"高等學(xué)校本科教學(xué)質(zhì)量與教學(xué)改革工程"2012年建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的通知》(教高函〔2012〕2號),教育部決定在"十二五"期間實(shí)施國家級大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃。
國家級大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃內(nèi)容包括創(chuàng)新訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目、創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目和創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)踐項(xiàng)目三類。
一、創(chuàng)新訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目是本科生個人或團(tuán)隊(duì),在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下,自主完成創(chuàng)新性研究項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)、研究條件準(zhǔn)備和項(xiàng)目實(shí)施、研究報告撰寫、成果(學(xué)術(shù))交流等工作。
二、創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目是本科生團(tuán)隊(duì),在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下,團(tuán)隊(duì)中每個學(xué)生在項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過程中扮演一個或多個具體的角色,通過編制商業(yè)計(jì)劃書、開展可行性研究、模擬企業(yè)運(yùn)行、參加企業(yè)實(shí)踐、撰寫創(chuàng)業(yè)報告等工作。
三、創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)踐項(xiàng)目是學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì),在學(xué)校導(dǎo)師和企業(yè)導(dǎo)師共同指導(dǎo)下,采用前期創(chuàng)新訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目(或創(chuàng)新性實(shí)驗(yàn))的成果,提出一項(xiàng)具有市場前景的創(chuàng)新性產(chǎn)品或者服務(wù),以此為基礎(chǔ)開展創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)踐活動。
Should graduate students start their own business or look for jobs? In my opinion, becoming a member of the workforce is far less desirable than owning a business. Undeniably, enterpreneurship involves risks and entails hard work and determination. However, it generates greater satisfaction and a sense of acheivement. No glory without risk-taking is conceivable. Only when one is willing to take risks can one accomplish great things. Even if the business does not work out at the end, one can learn a great lesson from their mistakes. As such, the experience of setting up an enterprise is far superior to the secured but insipid life of a white collar employee.。
Recently, self-employment has become a popular idea among youngsters, college graduates in particular. Owing to favorable policies, a large number of graduates launch their own business as the starting line of career. Furthermore, some successful examples have already been reported in the newspapers and Internet.。
Self-employment
Job hunting has always been a headache for college students. Though many graduates are employed right after graduation, some are not. Most serious of all, some still have no idea where to go working even a long time after graduation.So be oneself's boss is a good ideal which is encouraged by the state.
One of the advantages of being selfemployed is that the profit the business makes belongs to the owner. If the self-employed person succeeds in business, he has the chance to earn a great deal of money. The profit earned is the reward for the owner's effort, ability and creativity. Thus, a second
advantage is that a person's intelligence and abilities have a direct effect on the earnings. A third advantage of being self-employed is that a person can control his working hours.While not all self-employed people are completely free, most of them have more control over this area than the salaried
people.
However, being self-employed is not without problems.First, being one's own boss places the responsibility directly on that individual's shoulders. Everyone has some weaknesses in some things. These weaknesses will affect how successful a self-employed person is. Second, though the self-employed can earn considerable profits with a successful business, losses can force them out of business and sometimes, place them in debt. A third disadvantage concerns income security. Self-
employed people have no guaranteed wage. Their earnings can vary greatly, depending on business conditions. Salaried people, however, can generally count on continued earnings.In addition, salaried people often enjoy fringe benefits that mean greater peace of mind. One of these benefits may be in-
surance paid for by the employer that continues the employee's salary in the event of sickness or accident while many self-employed people do not have such protection.
College Students' Starting Their Own Undertakings
Nowadays there are many college students who choose to start their own undertakings instead of finding a job after graduation. The government encourages this practice, and provides many preferential policies and facilitation measures for college students. This phenomenon has aroused great concern from the whole society.
However, why do so many college students take the way of starting their own undertakings? Firstly, college students are facing severe employment situations. Many college graduates couldn't find ideal jobs, which forces them to set up their own businesses. Moreover, some ambitious college students are not satisfied with being employed by others. They want to develop and prove their talents by running their own businesses. Besides, the government's encouragement and the media's reports on college students venture stars have stimulated more college students' enthusiasm to take this way.
As for me, it is a good choice for college students to start their own undertakings. However, it is a very difficult cause, which needs firm determination, clear mind, ability to endure hardship and a feasible project. Therefore, think it over and make full preparation before you decide to start your own business.
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